{"id":2879,"date":"2022-10-11T13:07:31","date_gmt":"2022-10-11T13:07:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edsweb.co.in\/idioma\/?p=2879"},"modified":"2022-10-11T13:07:40","modified_gmt":"2022-10-11T13:07:40","slug":"language-facts-japanese","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www2.idioma.com\/sv\/sprakfakta-japanska","title":{"rendered":"Spr\u00e5kliga fakta: Japanska"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Federico Fellini sa att ett annat spr\u00e5k \u00e4r en annan syn p\u00e5 livet. \u00c4ven om vi p\u00e5 idioma t\u00e4cker \u00f6ver 70 spr\u00e5k kan vi bara h\u00e5lla med om det p\u00e5st\u00e5endet. Varje spr\u00e5k har sin historia, sina s\u00e4rdrag och sina smaker och vi \u00e4r h\u00e4r f\u00f6r att informera dig om det regelbundet i Spr\u00e5kfakta.<\/p>\n

Visste du att japanska har fyra \"alfabet\"?<\/h3>\n

Japanska (Nihongo p\u00e5 japanska) talas av cirka 127 miljoner m\u00e4nniskor i Japan, plus ett par miljoner m\u00e4nniskor utanf\u00f6r Japan. Det \u00e4r naturligtvis det officiella spr\u00e5ket i Japan, men det \u00e4r \u00e4ven ett officiellt spr\u00e5k i Angaur (\u00f6nationen Palau). Japanska \u00e4r inte direkt besl\u00e4ktat med n\u00e5got annat spr\u00e5k, \u00e4ven om det delar m\u00e5nga tecken med kinesiska. Det anv\u00e4nder fyra skriftsystem: kanji, hiragana, katakana och romaji. Hiragana \u00e4r stavelsebaserat och anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r enkla ord, konjugationer, partiklar och barnlitteratur. Katakana anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att skriva fr\u00e4mmande ord. Kanji bygger p\u00e5 det kinesiska skriftsystemet och har ca 2000 grundtecken, men det finns tusentals fler. Romaji \u00e4r en romanisering av japanska ord, som i princip bygger p\u00e5 bokst\u00e4verna i det romerska eller latinska alfabetet, och anv\u00e4nds t.ex. f\u00f6r f\u00f6retagsnamn, logotyper och inmatning av japansk text i datorer.<\/p>\n

Specifikationer f\u00f6r \u00f6vers\u00e4ttning till japanska<\/h3>\n

Japanska har l\u00e5nat m\u00e5nga ord fr\u00e5n de indoeuropeiska spr\u00e5ken, fr\u00e4mst engelska, och till och med hittat p\u00e5 termer som en person med engelska som modersm\u00e5l aldrig skulle f\u00f6rst\u00e5, s\u00e4rskilt i den bransch d\u00e4r vi \u00e4r verksamma: Teknisk \u00f6vers\u00e4ttning. Den japanska termen f\u00f6r s\u00e5dana \"l\u00e5nade\" ord, s\u00e4rskilt fr\u00e5n engelskan, \u00e4r Gairaigo (\u5916\u6765\u8a9e).<\/p>\n

Skulle du n\u00e5gonsin gissa att \u30cf\u30d5\u30b3\u30f3 [hafukon] \u00e4r en referens till \"halvt dolda\" vindrutetorkare\", medan \u30ea\u30e2\u30b3\u30f3 [rimokon] betyder \"fj\u00e4rrkontroll\"? Eller att \u30da\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3 (pension) egentligen borde \u00f6vers\u00e4ttas med \"ett pensionat\"? Eftersom Katakana kan vara mycket m\u00e5ngtydigt \u00e4r det ibland sv\u00e5rt att avg\u00f6ra hur man ska \u00f6vers\u00e4tta en viss term. \"Hose\" och \"Hawse\" skrivs till exempel b\u00e5da som \u30db\u30fc\u30b9 p\u00e5 japanska.<\/p>\n

Det finns m\u00e5nga, m\u00e5nga fler d\u00e4r \u00f6vers\u00e4ttarna har f\u00e5tt slita sitt h\u00e5r i dagar, till och med veckor. I kombination med andra s\u00e4rdrag i det japanska spr\u00e5ket - som att subjektet i meningar ofta utel\u00e4mnas - \u00e4r det ett verkligt \u00e5tagande att \u00f6vers\u00e4tta japansk text till andra spr\u00e5k.<\/p>\n

Japanskt alfabet:<\/h3>\n

Hiragana (\u3072\u3089\u304c\u306a)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3042\u3044\u3046\u3048\u304a\u304b\u304d\u304f\u3051\u3053\u3055\u3057\u3059\u305b\u305d\u305f\u3061\u3064\u3066\u3068\u306a\u306b\u306c\u306d\u306e\u306f\u3072\u3075\u3078\u307b\u307e\u307f\u3080\u3081\u3082\u3084\u3086\u3088\u3089\u308a\u308b\u308c\u308d\u308f\u3092\u3093 \u304c\u304e\u3050\u3052\u3054\u3056\u3058\u305a\u305c\u305e\u3060\u3062\u3065\u3067\u3069\u3070\u3073\u3076\u3079\u307c\u3071\u3074\u3077\u307a\u307d\u3041\u3043\u3045\u3047\u3049\u3063\u3083\u3085\u3087\u3001\u3002<\/p>\n

Katakana (\u30ab\u30bf\u30ab\u30ca)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u30a2\u30a4\u30a6\u30a8\u30aa\u30ab\u30ad\u30af\u30b1\u30b3\u30b5\u30b7\u30b9\u30bb\u30bd\u30bf\u30c1\u30c4\u30c6\u30c8\u30ca\u30cb\u30cc\u30cd\u30ce\u30cf\u30d2\u30d5\u30d8\u30db\u30de\u30df\u30e0\u30e1\u30e2\u30e4\u30e6\u30e8\u30e9\u30ea\u30eb\u30ec\u30ed\u30ef\u30f2\u30f3 \u30ac\u30ae\u30b0\u30b2\u30b4\u30b6\u30b8\u30ba\u30bc\u30be\u30c0\u30c2\u30c5\u30c7\u30c9\u30d0\u30d3\u30d6\u30d9\u30dc\u30d1\u30d4\u30d7\u30da\u30dd\u30a1\u30a3\u30a5\u30a7\u30a9\u30c3\u30e3\u30e5\u30e7\u30fc<\/p>\n

Exempel p\u00e5 kanji<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u81ea\u52d5, \u8a08\u7b97, \u8cbb\u7528, \u7d0d\u671f, \u5373\u6642, \u63d0\u793a, \u5929\u6c17, \u7ba1\u7406, \u5065\u5eb7, \u65c5\u884c, \u6599\u7406, \u934b.<\/p>\n

Exempel p\u00e5 romska spr\u00e5k<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi \u00e4lskar japanska!<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Federico Fellini sa att ett annat spr\u00e5k \u00e4r en annan syn p\u00e5 livet. \u00c4ven om vi p\u00e5 idioma t\u00e4cker \u00f6ver 70 spr\u00e5k kan vi bara inst\u00e4mma i det p\u00e5st\u00e5endet. Varje spr\u00e5k har sin historia, sina s\u00e4rdrag och sina smaker och vi \u00e4r h\u00e4r f\u00f6r att informera dig om det regelbundet i Spr\u00e5kfakta. Visste du att japanskan anv\u00e4nder fyra ...<\/p>\n

Spr\u00e5kliga fakta: Japanska<\/span> L\u00e4s mer \"<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2880,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2879","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-idioma"],"yoast_head":"\nLanguage facts: Japanese - idioma<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www2.idioma.com\/sv\/sprakfakta-japanska\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sv_SE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Language facts: Japanese - idioma\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Federico Fellini said, that a different language was a different vision to life. 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